Frameworks

Frameworks are the agent runtimes teams actually install: LangGraph-style graphs, crew/role frameworks, Microsoft Agent Framework, Semantic Kernel, PydanticAI, and peers.

They define how steps are scheduled, how tools are bound, and how state moves between turns. Alternatives often compete here more than at the model layer.

Cross-check Workflow Orchestration when durability and retries matter more than agent role play, and Tool Integration / Agent Protocols when the bottleneck is connectors rather than the loop.